Two species of the deep-sea squat lobster family Munidopsidae are reported as new additions to the Japanese marine fauna on the basis of specimens collected from the Sea of Kumano (off Kii Peninsula), central Japan. Galacanthakumano sp. nov. is morphologically similar to G. subspinosa Macpherson, 2007, but distinguishable by the weaker armature on the dorsal surface of the carapace and pleon and proportionally wider thoracic sternite 3. An identification key to all species of the genus Galacantha A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 is provided. Munidopsis concava Macpherson, 2007 is re-redescribed to supplement diagnostic characters with re-examination of the type material. The identity of the Japanese specimens was verified with genetic data derived from the two mitochondrial markers (COI and 16S rRNA genes). The present Japanese material revealed association of M. concava with sunken wood, a trait observed in some congeneric species, including those with similar morphology.
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