In film editing, every frame matters. While macro, content-level edits shape the high-level narrative of a film, small local edits often control timing and direct visual attention. For example, editors can adjust the precise timing of clips to control the length of a meaningful silence, or cut to shots that highlight a specific character's reactions to important moments. These small, detailed edits are slow and tedious to make in standard editing tools because users have to map high-level narrative goals to low-level frame-by-frame adjustments. At the same time, these fine-scale adjustments, which we call micro-edits, can be nuanced and expressive, with different choices serving different creative goals. In this work, we start by conducting a formative study with professional editors to understand the structure of micro-edits and how they are used. We then derive a mathematical formalization for this structure to develop tools that leverage AI and optimization to make exploring micro-edits simpler and more efficient for users. Finally, we validate our tools in multiple user studies and a wide range of video examples.
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