Autocorrelation is a defining characteristic of time-series data, where each observation is statistically dependent on its predecessors. In the context of deep time-series forecasting, autocorrelation...
While the optimal sample complexity of binary classification in terms of the VC dimension is well-established, determining the optimal sample complexity of multiclass classification has remained open....
Generating realistic synthetic citation, patent, or component dependency networks is essential for benchmarking community detection, graph visualisation, and network data mining algorithms. We present...
Frontier AI systems are bridging the gap between intelligence and utility by shifting from conversational assistants to autonomous agents that execute tasks end to end. Using production data from Perp...
Genetic analyses indicate minimal gene flow across the so-called Eastern Pacific Barrier (EPB) in larvae of the reef-building coral \emph{Porites lobata}. Notably, Clipperton Atoll, situated on the ea...
This paper focuses on the alignment of flow matching models with human preferences. A promising way is fine-tuning by directly backpropagating reward gradients through the differentiable generation pr...
The kappa statistic is the most widely used measure of inter-rater agreement for categorical data. Despite its popularity, applied researchers often encounter two major hurdles: (i) determining the sa...
We assess the advantage of combining univariate and multivariate portfolio risk forecasts with the aid of forecast reconciliation techniques. In our analyzes, we assume knowledge of portfolio weights,...
The ranking of recommendation algorithms is a challenging problem since model performance is sensitive to dataset characteristics such as sparsity, sequential structure, and scale. This drives a deman...
The deep sea contains a wealth of potential mineral resources, many of which are being investigated for commercial exploitation. Exploration and technical tests started in the late 1970s with an initi...
Deep-sea mining in polymetallic nodule areas poses significant risks to the marine carbon sink. This study investigated the vertical distribution and three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characteri...
The northwestern Pacific (NWP) encompasses diverse oceanographic regimes, with the confluence of the warm Kuroshio and the cold Oyashio forming a seasonally shifting ecotone characterized by strong en...
Marine systems worldwide are suffering escalating impacts from biological invasions, with increasing threats projected for the future. Despite substantial financial investments in managing marine inva...
Research on sea spiders in China is relatively scarce and there is a severe shortage of regional basic data. In earlier studies, there was a lack of attention given to this small group and museums hou...
The two-dimensional propagation of small-amplitude waves through an infinite periodic array of freely-floating rectangular floes is considered under the assumptions of inviscid linearised wave theory....
Increasing global demand for nickel, an essential metal in low-carbon technologies and stainless steel, is driving a surge in mining in strongholds of tropical biodiversity. We use a global mine-by-mi...
The release of heavy metals from commercial deep-sea mining is likely to be a long-term process lasting decade, and therefore fish communities are actually exposed to a chronic, ongoing stressor. Howe...
The subseafloor biosphere is one of the largest ecosystems on Earth, hosting dense populations of microbial cells. Microbial activity is critical to the Earth's geochemical cycles of major elements su...
Earth observation satellites transform our understanding of Earth's biological, atmospheric, and surface systems. The Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission, launched in 2024, repres...
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