Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become the de facto architecture for hundred-billion-parameter language models, yet its advantages at sub-billion scales for on-device deployment remain largely unexplored...
Coral reefs support more than one-third of the global marine biodiversity, but global stressors have negatively impacted their health by disrupting fragile microbial partnerships, leading to widesprea...
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents a significant clinical burden, with limited advancements in metabolic-targeted therapies. Arginase is a metalloenzyme that plays an essential role in the...
A common experimental research design is one in which individuals are randomly allocated into groups that then interact under different group-level treatment conditions. We develop design-based infere...
Seagrass meadows of Thalassia testudinum are key components of blue carbon ecosystems and effective bioindicators of environmental contamination due to their ability to incorporate both inorganic and ...
Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation sustains productivity in oligotrophic oceans and is now also thought to contribute substantially to the nitrogen supply in the warming Arctic. Here we demonstrate s...
Climate change threatens polar ecosystems through rising temperatures and changing light regimes. Phytoplankton release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a major carbon-cycle component, yet it rema...
Giant Antarctic iceberg calving is projected to increase with climate change, affecting ocean circulation, nutrient supply, and carbon cycling. These icebergs can stimulate primary production and infl...
Solar-driven natural seawater overall splitting presents a paradigm-shifting solution for hydrogen production to achieve global decarbonization. Herein, we present a noble-metal-free MnOx(OH)y/GaN nan...
Trace elements occur naturally in the environment, but anthropogenic activities can amplify their release, increasing exposure and bioaccumulation in marine predators such as seabirds. Mercury (Hg) in...
Marine protected areas (MPAs) conserve marine biodiversity, but their effectiveness depends on implementation. This study assessed the Racha Islands MPA, established in 2023 in a tourism-dependent cor...
Latent-variable models are central to economics but often entail intractable integration. Variational inference (VI), widely used in machine learning, turns this integration into tractable, differenti...
Speech conveys information through both words and vocal delivery. We evaluate four leading production realtime voice systems-OpenAI's GPT Realtime 2, Google's Gemini 3.1 Flash Live, and Alibaba's Qwen...
We develop a tractable identification approach for strategic network formation models with both strategic link interdependence and individual unobserved heterogeneity (fixed effects). The key challeng...
Predicting customers' long-term revenue from sparse and irregular transaction data is central to marketing resource allocation in non-contractual settings, yet existing approaches face a trade-off. Tr...
Introduction: Semantic search, which retrieves documents based on conceptual similarity rather than keyword matching, offers substantial advantages for retrieval of clinical information. However, depl...
Complete stepped-wedge designs guarantee eventual intervention delivery, but their final periods contain no concurrent controls. Under exposure-time heterogeneity this creates a design-analysis tensio...
The widespread use of biocides to control biofouling has led to significant marine pollution. Among these, 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOIT) has emerged as a prominent antifouling co...
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are globally recognised as contaminants of emerging concern due to their persistence, toxicity, endocrine-disrupting and immunosuppressive effects. Because o...
Exploring the natural diversity of phylogenetically distant nitrogenases is crucial for gaining new insights into the mechanism of atmospheric N2 fixation and unlocking biotechnological developments i...
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