Reinforcement learning (RL) has become essential to the post-training of large language models (LLMs) for reasoning, agentic capabilities and alignment. Successful RL relies on sufficient exploration ...
Pervasive marine pollution can have devastating effects on ocean health. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH), and Organochlorine Pesticides (OCP) are particularly r...
Fisheries can strongly alter marine ecosystem dynamics, influencing the ecology and behaviour of top predators such as cetaceans. At the Tiber River estuary (Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean), bo...
The rise of atmospheric oxygen fundamentally transformed Earth's surface environment and enabled the evolution of complex life. However, the processes driving long-term oxygen fluctuations remain poor...
Under its thick ice layer, Europa contains a shielded liquid water ocean where habitable conditions may exist. To effectively assess the habitability of this environment and the implications on putati...
Predicting the fate of microplastics (MPs) in the environment and assessing their potential environmental hazard is crucial in defining effective mitigation strategies. This paper presents a novel app...
Smart devices and emerging technologies are highly popular devices and technologies that considerably improve our daily living by reducing or replacing human workforces, treating disease, monitoring h...
Quantifying the ocean soundscape is crucial for ocean-based seismoacoustic monitoring; it sets a baseline for the kinds and sizes of signals that can be detected above the background noise. As sea ice...
Throughout the Pacific Islands land use changes have resulted in intensified contaminant impacts that threaten the integrity of coastal ecosystems and communities. Pu'uloa (Pearl Harbor) in Hawai'i of...
As both iconic Arctic megafauna and long-exploited marine resources, walruses (Odobenus rosmarus) have left an abundant osteological record across the Holarctic. However, distinguishing sex, ontogenet...
The development of effective methodologies for extracting microplastics from marine matrices is key for designing appropriate measures to reduce and mitigate their effects. The diversity of protocols ...
Real-world computer-use tasks often span multiple applications and devices, requiring agents to coordinate heterogeneous environments under dynamic runtime failures. Existing multi-device agent system...
Camera traps have become a core tool in ecological research, enabling large-scale, noninvasive monitoring of wildlife populations and behavior. By automatically recording animals as they pass within v...
During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), there was an increase in global temperatures and emissions of isotopically depleted carbon, resulting in a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). ...
Ocean monitoring is essential for understanding climate change and marine ecosystem dynamics, yet achieving comprehensive global coverage remains a challenge in oceanography. Current technologies face...
The increasing demand for sustainable aquafeed ingredients has driven the exploration of alternative protein sources to replace conventional fishmeal and soybean meal. Defatted algae cake (DAC), a by-...
Bacterial adaptation to fluctuations in salinity includes the intracellular accumulation of organic compounds called compatible solutes (CS) such as the amino acid derivatives ectoine and 5-hydroxyect...
Deep learning (DL) is a powerful tool to extract ecological information from large image datasets efficiently and consistently. However, applying these methods remains challenging, due in part to the ...
Domoic acid (DA) is an important environmental neurotoxin produced by certain types of marine algae and can accumulate in seafood such as anchovies, sardines, and mussels, which are considered healthy...
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